THE OPERATIONAL STORY,

of

2/15 Fd. Regt. 8 Div. AIF

IN THE MALAYAN CAMPAIGN,

DECEMBER 5,1941 to FEBRUARY 18,1942

by Lt‑Col. J. W. Wright D.F.C., E.M.

 

 

 

Dec. 5, 1941. The Regiment was stationed at TAMPIN, a medium sized town in the State of NEGRI SEMBILAN, and situated approximately 180 miles North of SINGAPORE on the main road and main railway line between SINGAPORE and BANGKOK. Here, training had been carried out for the past three months in all types of jungle operations appertaining to a Fd Arty Regt equipped with 3 inch mortars, the weapons which had been brought from Australia by the Regt

 

On Nov. 23, 1941 new British‑made 25 pdr guns commenced to arrive at TAMPIN for the Regt and by Nov 29 the full establishment of 24 guns had been received. Much of the associated gun stores were short however, and these missing items of essential equipment dribbled in over the next four or five weeks. 25‑pdr ammunition was on hand, but the Regt lacked a number of ammunition trailers and many motor vehicles. This meant that when "the balloon went up‑ the Regt had to take the field with the 3 inch mortars, leaving the 25‑pdr equipment behind at TAMPIN.

 

During the day of Nov. 29, 1941 a code signal "AWAKE" was received from HQ, RAA, 8 Div, AIF. This was a prearranged signal which informed us that the International situation was deteriorating rapidly and all units of the three services throughout MALAYA and adjacent territories had to take steps to place themselves in a position of readiness to assume their operational roles at short notice. For the Regt. this required being ready to move to various positions in the State of JOHORE at six hours notice. All personnel were recalled from extended leave. Some had to be brought back from CAMERON HIGHLANDS and others from the races at K0ALA LUMPUR. Local leave at TAMPIN was not curtailed at this stage, but later that night a further code signal was received, "ARMOUR", which meant that war with JAPAN was imminent. This necessitated immediate internal security measures to prevent sabotage within the camp area by Fifth Column elements. All leave whatsoever was cancelled and troops moving outside the camp area had to march in armed bodies, with officers in pairs. The camp itself was turned into a defensive perimeter and all guards and sentries were doubled and many extra posts established. There was a humorous sideof things at this stage, when some of the ‑trigger happy" boys on sentry duty at night opened fire on monkeys and stray dogs and alarmed the whole camp, but as no one was shot and no damage caused, everyone had a good laugh which was a good thing and somewhat relieved the tension.

 

The afternoon of Dec. 5, 1941 brought a further code signal, 'SEAVIEW". This meant a declaration of war by JAPAN was hourly expected, and the Regt was to complete preparations so as to be able to move to allotted stations at half an hour's notice.

 

At 1700 hours on Dec. 6, 1941, the code signal 'RAFFLES" was received. This was the word to "go". It was followed almost immediately by detailed orders from RAA 8 Div which moved B Tp under Capt M.A. Lindgren on the road to the SEDILI Boom and A Tp under Capt F.R. Anderson, to MAWAI, both places approximately 150 miles away in South East JOHORE. The remaining 4 Tps, G Sect Sigs, 84 LAD and RHQ moved out at midnight and took the road South to KLUANG. A small camp guard of about 50 OR's in charge of Lt F.S.G. Hollway was left behind in TAMPIN.

It was a dark night with a sleety driving rain, and as "blackout" conditions had to be observed it speaks well for the training and driving discipline of the Regtl drivers that the hundred odd motor vehicles in a column several miles long arrived at daylight at a "harbourage" in the MENGKIBOL Estate near KLUANG with only one vehicle casualty, a truck which ran off the road when the driver momentarily fell asleep. No damage was done and LAD pulled him out of the ditch to rejoin the Regt a few hours later.

Shortly after reporting arrival at KLUANG orders were received to deploy as follows:

C Tp for KLUANG Aerodrome defence.

D Tp for KAHANG Aerodrome defence.

E and F Tps in reserve in harbourage near KLUANG

Adv RHQ to 27 Bde Adv HQ near JEMALGANG.

Rear RHQ and B Ech to remain in the MENGKIBOL Estate harbourage.

Heavy and continuous rain had fallen in the last 24 hours and conditions in the MENGKIBOL Estate harbourage, as in other harbourages were far from ideal. Roads and tracks were ankle deep with the sticky mud that was characteristic of the district. The greatest difficulty was experienced in getting the vehicles off the main road and dispersed amongst the rubber trees where they would be afforded concealment from air observation. Once in, it was almost impossible to get them out again until the ground dried. The 2 i/c, Maj J.S. Workman quickly got road making operations under way, and in a few days metalled roads led out to the main bitumen road from all sub‑unit areas in the Regtl harbourage. To this day it remains a mystery where the 2 i/c managed to "scrounge" all the road metal that he obtained for this work

 

Dec. 8, 1941 brought us the news that JAPAN without making a formal declaration of war had made air raids and bombed PEARL HARBOUR and SINGAPORE.

A few days later, F Tp under Capt C.G. Filmer was sent to BUKIT LANGKAP, a Japanese owned iron ore concession on the SEMBRONG River about 12 miles up from the mouth.

During the next two weeks the Regt settled down in the various positions and proceeded to make themselves as comfortable as only Australians can do whenever they stop long enought in one spot to have more than a couple of meals. At this point one must mention what a boon the Colernan Spirit Stoves were. These, some 40 odd, were a gift to the Regt from the Regimental Comforts Fund and they proved invaluable under the conditions existing in Malaya. Each vehicle group in the Regt possessed at least one and it enabled rations to be broken down to small lots and hot meals prepared for small groups of men in isolated localities.

 

Between Dec. 11 and 22, 1941 the 3 inch mortars were changed over Tp by Tp and at last the Regt became fully equipped with 25‑pdrs to everyone's great delight The mortars were returned to BOD at JOHORE BAHRU

Adv RHQ at JEMALUANG closed down on Dec 22 and reopened at the MENGKIBOL Estate, KLUANG.

The following day the RMO, Capt C.R.B. Richards, undertook a highly important mission. He was despatched with a roll of Straits Settlement dollar notes to SINGAPORE to purchase extra Christmas fare for the Regt and the success of his mission may be judged by the fact that on Christmas Day each man in the Regt received, in addition to the ordinary rations, a portion of poultry, a bottle of beer or soft drink, a helping of plum pudding, nuts, raisins, etc. For this handout once again we have to thank the ladies of the Regimental Comforts Fund. Their devoted and untiring efforts on behalf of the Regt resulted in large remittances in cash at regular intervals.

 

On Dec. 23, 1941 F Tp was withdrawn from BUKIT LANGKAP and returned to harbourage at the MENGKIBOL Estate.

 

CHRISTMAS DAY, 1941, the Regt's first away from Australia, passed quietly in the various positions and justice was done to the good fare provided, and, as cheerful a time as possible was had by everyone in spite of the weather, mosquitoes and absence of loved ones.

B Tp was recalled from SEDILL Boom on Dec 27, 1941 and joined up with the rest of the Regt in MENGKIBOL Estate.

The new 25‑pdrs required to be calibrated as quickly as possible. After some search it was decided to do this from one of the Tp positions occupied by our sister Regt, the 2/10th near MERSING. This necessitated a 60 mile trip to the 22 Bde area on the East coast. One Tp at a time was relieved from its operational role, made the trip, shot the calibration series and returned immediately and resumed its operational role. Then the next Tp, and so on until all had completed the shoot. Much assistance was received from the 2/10 Fd Regt in preparation in positions, survey, etc., and without this assistance and cooperation it would not have been possible to have completed the calibration shoot so expeditiously. The targets fired on were two "Pagars" Malay fish traps) situated some distance out from the shore. Dec 28 and 29 were occupied this way.

 

Dec. 29, 1941 was a day that was highlighted by another important event. The Regt came under fire for the first time. F Tp relieving A Tp while the latter were away calibrating their guns at MERSING was occupying the KLUANG Aerodrome positions when about midday the aerodrome was raided and bombed by about 15 twin‑engined Jap bombers. One gun position had a near miss from a 500 kilo bomb and there was one casualty, a bomb shock case, who achieved the distinction of being the Regt s first operational casualty. About 40/50 bombs fell on or in the vicinity of the Aerodrome in this raid.

For some time past the Regt had been preparing on paper for a change over from a 2 Bty to a 3 Bty Regt This was brought into existence on Dec. 30, 1941. The new 13ty, 65, took E and F Tps and Capt W.W. Julius, promoted to Maj, was appointed the OC. Some changing around and adjustment of personnel was necessary in order to man the new BHQ.

The Regtl set‑up was now as follows:

29 Bby A and B Tps OC Maj K.D. Moulton

30 Bty C and D Tps OC Maj A.F. Ball

65 Bty E and F Tps OC Maj W.W. Jullus.

 

Jan. 5, 1942, about an hour before dawn brought another raid on KLUANG Aerodrome by Jap bombers. There were no Regtl casualties.

Promotions of Officers about this time were as under:‑

To be Majors ‑ Capts K.C. Moulton, W.W. Jullus and L.H. Hellyer.

To be Captains ‑ Lts D.J. Makepeace, R.E. Steele and R.P.A. Rabett.

 

The ranks of the Regt, which were somewhat below strength owing to the ravages of malaria and other tropical illnesses were brought almost up to establishment on Jan 7, 1942 by a draft of reinforcements under Lt R. McLeod. About this time also, Lt F.S.G. Hollway and rear party left behind at TAMPIN rejoined the Regt.

 

Jan. 9, 1942. Deficiencies in vehicles and other equipmerit were filled up and all preparations made for a move North. Warnings to this effect received. Later that day the order was received to move North with the 8 Div AIF an hour before daylight on the next day. AIF was to advance and meet the oncoming Japs at the border of JOHORE in accordance with the role allotted to it by Malayan Command i.e. the defence of the State of JOHORE. 65 Bty under Maj W.W. Julius, was detached to proceed to the MUAR area on the West coast of JOHORE, and passing from Regtl Cmd came under the cmd of 44 Indian Bde. (Brig. Duncan).

29 and 30 13tys, G Sect Sigs, 84 LAD with RHQ moved North to a harbourage in vicinity of 110 mile peg, and came under command of 27 Bde AIF (Brig M. Duncan Maxwell). Here further orders were received placing 29 Bty in support of 26 Bn AIF in GEMENCHEH area, and 30 Bty with 30 Bn AIF in BATU ANNAM area. Adv RHQ was located with 27 Bde Adv HQ about 1 mile North of SEGAMAT. All this day and throughout the night and the next day the one and only road was jammed with a mass of vehicles on their withdrawal to the South, the retreating 111 Indian Corps, consisting of the 9 and 11 Indian Divs. These formations had borne the full force of the Jap attack since the landing at KOTA BAHRU on Dec 7 and 8 and had been severely mauled. Tired and worn out with over 5 weeks of continuous rearguard actions, with practically no air support, and having to contend with sabotage and Fifth Column activities in their rear all the time, these heroic British and Indian Regts passed through the 8 Div with a sigh of relief and took up their positions in the rear of the AIF, Fortunately, for about 3 days this road movement was masked by heavy rain and low clouds, otherwise the Jap Dive Bombers would have taken a severe toll of this mass withdrawal. The 8 Div was lucky also in being able to move up to their new positions without being troubled from the air.

 

On Jan. 12, 1942, 30 Bty in conformity with move by 30 Bn AIF took up new positions North West of GEMAS, and the trap was set for the ambush at the GEMENCHEH Bridge. This was blown up on Jan 14, 1942 and approximately 600 Japs were killed in the road cutting by the ambushing company of the 30 Bn. The Japs repaired the bridge in 8 hours and passed tanks across. The ambush company together with forward observation personnel of 30 Bty under Capt D.J. Makepeace were cut off from the main position and with great difficulty made their way back through the jungle to GEMAS three days later. Capt Makepeace received a bullet wound in the face during the ambush melee. When the bridge was blown, Maj Ball moved D Tp to a rear position East of GEMAS, but C Tp guns remained in their positions to support 30 Bn in repulsing a heavy attack by a Jap Bn supported by about 12 tanks. 3 or 4 tanks were knocked out by C Tp guns and some 150 to 200 further casualties inflicted on the Jap infantry. Later that day the Japs massed for another attack with fresh troops in greater numbers and more tanks. An encircling movement also

 

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Bty here, particularly A Tp in the middle of a rubber factory area. Although the Jap Air Arm was extremely active and having no opposition in the air, was able to carry out uninterrupted reconnaisances from as low as a few hundred feet both Btys were firing constantly for two days in these positions and were not once "spotted". Naturally, everyone lay under cover as quiet as mice while the aircraft were overhead, but as soon as they had departed from the immediate vicinity of the positions, off came the nets and camouflage and the guns continued with their tasks. Both Btys on a heavy fire plan of harassing tasks all night and most of the day. Targets were the road passing through SEGAMAT and areas along the SEGAMAT River bank. Over 2000 rounds fired in the 24 hours. F00s and front line elements testified to the accuracy of the gunfire in these engagements.

Same positions were occupied on Jan 20, 1942 after another heavy night of counter preparation and harassing fire tasks by both 29 and 30 Btys.

On the night of Jan 20121 the extremely critical situation in the MUAR River operations forced a retirement to PALOH Road, a few miles South East of YONG PENG. For some hours it looked as if the Japs might succeed in cutting off our main road force by advancing and securing the road junction before our troops were clear, but a delaying action by a holding force a few miles down the MUAR Road managed to hold them up until all our troops had passed the road junction. About this time we learned that our MUAR RIVER FORCE had been overwhelmed and the Japs were in possession of practically the whole of the West coast of Malaya.

The withdrawal from GENUANG positions was a rather ticklish affair. The Japs were pressing their attacks and there was little opportunity of making a clean break However, taking advantage during slight lulls in the action, one Tp was withdrawn at a time. A Tp remained to the last and continued firing right up to the moment when the tractors were brought up and the gun trails hooked on.

A certain amount of infiltration by the Japs had occurred during the last two days and all gun positions had reported intermittent sniping from the jungle edges and thick rubber adjoining the flanks of positions. This became such a nuisance that 27 Bde were requested to provide special flank protection for gun positions. The Tps also organised patrols of spare personnel to deal with this phase. Fifth Column elements amongst the local natives could possibly have been one of the causes of this sniping. The Malay had already shown a decided readiness to side with the Japs on more than one occasion.

Soon after midnight, the last of the infantry broke off their contact with the Japs and A Tp ceased firing and withdrew from their position. Regtl rendezvous had been given as the

SOCFIN Palm Oil Estate at LABIS which was reached without incident by all Regtl vehicle groups by 0200 hours. After a wait of about an hour further orders to move were received from RAA and guides met Tp Leaders at the YONG PENG Crossroads and guided them into positions which had been reconnoitred in the darkness. B Ech vehicles were detached here and sent on down the main road to make camp at TAMPOY near JOHORE BAHRU

During daylight hours on Jan 21, 1942 there was a full in operations so far as 2/15th gunners were concerned. English and Indian troops of the 9 and 11 Indian Division were in the picture again and their Fd Regts had come into action to relieve the pressure on the AIF. This was the first breathing spell for, 2/15th personnel since action commenced at GEMENCHEH Bridge 7 days earlier. The opportunity was taken for repairs, and maintenance of equipment and vehicles, and for personnel, shaving, washing and cleaning up generally. For many weary bodies this was also the opportunity for some much needed sleep.

Jap Air activity was very brisk during the day and the YONG PENG Crossroads and AA guns positions in their vicinity received heavy bombings, but the Regtl Groups well concealed in their various positions deep in the rubber were not bothered this day by Air attacks.

 

Jan 22, 1942. After dark last night, 29 Bty was moved to harbourage at MENGKIBOL Estate. The British Fd Regts still carried on the Arty support and the breathing spell continued for 2/15 Fd Regt The menacing advance of the Japanese forces in the MUAR area was still a disquieting factor in the situation and the AIF positions were still in danger and liable to be cut off until the AYER HITAM Crossroads were reached and passed in the withdrawal Southwards.

About this time we learnt that British RAF Hurricane Fighters had reached SINGAPORE in an aircraft carrier and we were promised adequate air support in a few days. The promise of this air support was encouraging. The succession of withdrawals actions was becoming rather depressing, and the Jap Air Force, as far as we could see, had no aerial opposition to contend with. Like many promises made in the Malayan campaign, this one was incapable of fulfilment because events moved too quickly, but we certainly saw some Hurricane Fighters when we reached SINGAPORE Island, but the few that were serviceable and able to take the air were moved a few days later to SUMATRA and JAVA because their aerodromes were within Jap Arty range.

In the early hours of the night Jan 22/23 RHQ moved with 27 Bde HQ to vicinity of 49 3/4mile peg on main road. 29 and 30 Btys also moved to new positions South of AYER HITAM Crossroads. Here, one of the rare opportunities occurred in this campaign amid jungle and rubber trees to man an OP with some reasonable degree of observation according to field gunner standards. 30 Bty was able to occupy an OP on a hill North of AYER HITAM Crossroads and made good use of this opportunity to direct fire on to the advancing Jap troops.

29 Bty, moving forward to new positions to improve range, carried out predicted shooting in support of 26 Bn (AIF) positions along BATU PAHAT Road. Jap Air activity still on the increase and there was immediate bombing of any MT seen moving on the roads. These forward infantry positions were also constantly being dive‑bombed.

During the afternoon of Jan 23 straggling parties of mixed AIF from the MUAR Force commenced to reach YONG PENG and AYER HITAM, and included some of the survivors of 65 Bty. Most of these men were in a serious state of exhaustion and in need of medical attention. They had made their way through Jungle and swam rivers, evading the Japs searching for them after the remnants of the Force were overrun at PARIT SULONG Bridge a few days earlier. We heard firsthand accounts of their gruelling experiences and learnt that the OC of 65 Bty, Maj W.W. Julius, had been severely wounded in a bombing attack of 44 Indian Bde HQ which practically wiped out all Bde HQ personnel except Brig Duncan. This gallant Brigadier was killed the next day when leading a bayonet charge. Those of the survivors who saw Maj Julius said he could not possibly have lived long as his wounds were so serious.

 

Jan. 24, 1942. Both Btys heavily engaged during the night. 30 Bty moving forward slightly to improve range just before dawn. 29 Bty had the satisfaction of destroying by observed fire several Jap mortar crews.

The tenacity, stubborness and bravery of the Japs was quite extraordinary. In this incident, after a mortar and crew had been destroyed by a 25pdr HE shell, a second and third crew with mortars just calmly walked to the same position, set up their mortars only to receive a few seconds later another 25pdr HE shell in their midst.

Dive bombers at this stage were hovering over gun positions most of the daylight hours. C Tp positions caught several sticks of bombs, losing several vehicles, but fortunately no personnel, the latter by now appreciating the value of handy slit trenches.

29 Bty moved back during the night of Jan 24/25 to new positions in vicinity of SIMPANG RENGAM.

RHQ followed shortly afterwards with 27 Bde HQ and set up near the 29 mile peg on main road.

Both Btys throughout Jan 25 on harassing fire tasks in support of 27 Bde. Today saw the arrival from SINGAPORE of the 2 Bn of the Gordon Highlanders, who came up to reinforcethe AIF coming under command of 27 Bde AIF (Brig Maxwell). The Gordons had just completed 3 years garrison duty on SINGAPORE Island, and within an hour of arrival at the front were taken into action on a counter attack support by the Regt with B and C Tps to relieve the pressure on the AIF front Later that day C Tp retired to a new position in vicinity of 50 mile peg making a risky move by daylight under cover of a heavy rain storm without attracting air attention from the Jap dive bombers. 27 Bde HQ and 2/15 RHQ were not so lucky in this regard. Earlier, in the afternoon they were bombed twice, forcing a quick move with vehicles widely dispersed to a new position some miles to the rear. The Regt suffered some casualties to personnel and vehicles in these two raids, 84 LAD being the chief sufferer. At dusk 30 Bty also moved back occupying a new position near SIMPANG RENGAM.

Across on the AIF right 22 Indian Bde was putting up stiff resistance in the KLUANG area. The 5/6 SIKHS staged a brilliant counter attack and recovered KLUANG Aerodrome, only to be driven out the next day by overwhelming numbers.

The CO during the day while on a visit to forward positions with his driver, Gnr D.E. Killen, were witnesses of a deliberate attack by two Jap Dive Bombers on a British convoy of Ambulances filled with wounded. The two bombers flew over the convoy at about 400 feet then turned and attacked from the front dropping about 4 bombs each, destroying several of the ambulances.

 

Jan. 26, 1942. 29 Bty in action today, supporting 26 Bn AIF Gun positions, CP and W/L heavily attacked by dive bombers. Capt R.P.A. Rabett wounded by bomb splinter and some damage to vehicles in the W/L. After dark, 30 Bty moved to new positions in the vicinity of 40/41 mile pegs and covering SIMPANG RENGAM. In these positions, it was impossible to site the guns away from the main road which ran here through densely thick jungle, much of it rising straight out of swamp. The guns had to be echeloned along the side of ' the main road and traffic control instituted in order to hold up passing vehicles while the guns were firing. Gun zones were somewhat limited under these conditions and OP's, of course, were out of the question.

 

Jan. 27, 1942. Jap Air Force active all day and any movement at all on the roads extremely hazardous. 29 Bty and D Tp on counter fire (CF) targets and fleeting opportunities. FOO's and LO's with forward infantry elements made many calls for fire.

During the day, the Jap bombers managed to find 30 Bty CP and C Tp W/L. Several vehicles damaged and some casualties, including Lt Harry Hingst killed. C Tp was compelled to make a quick move to another position to avoid further unwelcome attention. New position near 361/4 mile peg. In the   early dusk D Tp moved back and off the main road about 800 yards in from the 35 mile peg.

RHQ with 27 Bde HQ also moved in early dusk to position near 26 mile peg, and about 250 yards deep in the rubber. Jap bombers must have been given some word of this move as they constantly searched the area from as low as 100 feet but the rubber trees were thick and leafy and no bombs were dropped near the positions.

While here, orders were received to send a reconnaissance party to survey an alternative route for the final withdrawal back to SINGAPORE Island. It was feared that the one main road would become so congested with troops and vehicles that the Jap bombers would be able to take a heavy toll.

 

Jan 28, 1942. Before first light 29 Bty withdrew from yesterday's position to a harbourage near 32 mile peg, later in the day occupying a position near 26 mile peg.

30 Bty in early dusk moved into a new position between 29 and 30 mile pegs. Both Btys in action throughout day with FOO up with the infantry.

Lt R.J. Keating wounded today by bomb splinters whilst acting as LO between RAA and Regt

 

Jan 29, 1942. 29 Bty in action throughout day with FOO observation. One shoot reported as having broken up a Bde attack on the 26 Bn front. Some trouble today with damp charges, necessitating an addition of about 500 yards to most ranges.

30 Bty in harbourage today near KOLA]. C Tp guns (18 pdr) out of action due to mechanical faults.

29 Bty at 2200 hours retired to position near 21 mile peg.

Orders received this night to evacuate 2 Tps and all other vehicles that could be spared to SINGAPORE Island.

As C Tp was out of action, it was decided to send back A and C Tps under the command of Maj K. Moulton, leaving B and D in action under Maj A.F. Ball. B and D Tps took up new positions near 17 3/4mile peg and commenced to fire a heavy fire plan to cover the withdrawal of evacuating elements.

All Regtl vehicles other than gun trailers, several Sig Sect trucks, some DR's and the CO's car, were sent back with the Tps being withdrawn.

RHQ moved in early dusk to vicinity of 14 mile peg in conformity with move by 27 Bde Ha

Faulty map reading was responsible today for the Regt losing a Sig truck and 3 men. It was driving up to forward troops with a FOO and suddenly found itself amongst Jap soldiers.

 

Jan 30, 1942. B and D Tps heavily engaged all day in harassing fire tasks. More trouble with faulty charges causing some prematures, one almost a muzzle burst resulting in one casualty in the gun crew. There was a story going the rounds that one of the English WO's had recognized some of the charges now being delivered to the Regt as having been salvaged from the DUNKIRK evacuation. It was said that he recognized the lots and markings of ammunition he had helped to salvage at DUNKIRK in 1940‑‑

During the day infiltration parties of Japs cut the Regtl communications and one gun position was in danger of being overrun for a while. But prompt action by 30 Bn AIF restored the situation, and thereafter more attention was given to protecting the flanks of gun positions.

B Tp ceased firing at 2030 hours and commenced withdrawal to SINGAPORE Island by the alternative route surveyed two days earlier. D Tp continued in action until 2230 hours firing a heavy program designed to cover the withdrawal of 30 Bn. About midnight Maj A.F. Ball reported that all Regtl guns and vehicles were accounted for and were on the move towards the CAUSEWAY.

Adv RHQ then obtained permission from Brig Maxwell to withdraw to the Island by the alternative route which was to leave main road at SENAT, strike East through Estate roads past the Rubber Factory, through dirt tracks in large Pineapple growing areas, to strike the KOTA TINGG Road about 10 miles from the CAUSEWAY thence along it through JOHORE BAHRU and on to the Island.

The move was accomplished by all Regtl Grps without incident Luck was with us in more ways than one. It was a clear moonlight night Had the Jap Air Force been more venturesome in regard to night flying operations they could have inflicted enormous damage on the withdrawing columns. The one main road and the very third class alternative route were jammed with vehicles and equipment stacked up almost radiator to tailboard for miles. Th